Potty Training 4 & 5 Year Olds

Parent Q&A

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  • Potty Training 3 & 4

    Jan 13, 2023

    Hi everyone. 


    We're having a hard time potty training our 3 & 4 y/o toddlers. We've tried different potty seats/toilets. No diapers. And more with minimal to no luck. Our 4 y/o can hold it all day, not exaggerating. 

    Would love any tips or tricks or anything to get them headed in the right direction (AKA no diapers). 

    Thanks! 

    Hello!! It’s a difficult and draining time… it sure is. I can highly recommend following literally step by step the guidelines in the book Oh Crap by Jamie Glowacki. 
    I found the first weeks a mixed bag until something clicked and it worked! She also has blogs and a network of potty trainers in case you want 1:1 advice. 
    good luck!

    Have you seen the little targets you put in the toilet, either in the regular toilet (they stick on) or float on the water? Or I saw one you put in the bottom of the kid potty, and warm pee makes a dinosaur show up. How fun is that? In general, I think we got more results with better bribery, to be honest. Make it worth their while - sticker charts for BIG prizes at the end. 

    I'm sure there'll be lots of great tips and resources, but just from my own experiences, have you tried showing them potty training videos for kids and/or reading kids' books about potty training? My 3yo daughter was also resistant (after showing some initial interest) but we started watching "I'm a Potty Princess" video on YouTube and I read her the "Potty" book by Leslie Patricelli and she started being really interested in trying to potty after that. She still likes watching the video and reading the book every now and then, after being fully potty trained (even through the night)! Good luck and hang in there, it'll happen!

    I had a similarly hard time to begin with with my fiercely independent and strong willed 3 y/o, who would also quite happily hold his pee all day. I found the advice in the book Stress-Free Potty Training really helpful and our experience ended up being just that (stress-free, easy and child-led). Good luck!

    Oh do I remember these days.  Mine would hold and hold and hold.  She get to the point of bursting, and one day I was able to coax her onto the toilet with a hole cut in the pull-up.  No joke, a hole.  She didn't see there was a hole but she was willing to sit.

    I used the Oh Crap method which totally stressed her and me out.  After going back to pull ups for awhile, we ended up doing the following:

    1.  Visiting the bathroom to pee in pull up (she could tell me when she needed to go).  She peed ONLY in the bathroom.

    2.  Got her to sit on the toilet still in pull up and pee in pull up.

    3.  She would hold all day at school and one day I put her in pull up with hole when she knew she needed the toilet bad.  She tinkled and the pull up cannot hold that much pee so the pee escaped and went into the toilet bowl.  She was AMAZED and told me she peed in the potty.  We were very happy.

    4.  I cut progressively bigger holes.

    Three days later she abandoned the pull up and never looked back.

    Good luck.  This was our hill to die on and I feel you.  It'll happen.  I swear.

  • Hello, my silly, charming 4.5 year old girl has no interest in peeing or pooping in the potty. She says she will go on the potty "when she is a grownup". I'm looking for a child psychologist or other expert who can help guide us through this process. The most popular recommendation on BPN, Meg Zweiback, has unfortunately passed away. My daughter knows when she has to go, can hold it, and can change her own pull-ups (with pee). When we tried traditional potty training, she started holding both pee and poop, causing severe constipation. We have backed off for more than a year but her interest in using the potty isn't changing and it's starting to become a problem at school, etc. We are looking for someone who can help us unravel what's going on in her head so that she can make a successful transition to the potty. 

    Some parents would not approve but we had that problem and used bribery.My grandson really likes Mr.Mopps toy store so we told him we would take him and buy something he wanted if he would use the potty at school(which he would never do) and then when he would poop in a potty.I was not expecting he would poop in the potty as that seemed like something he really did not want to do.He surprised me and I followed through with our outing to the toy store the next day.

    Oh my gosh, when I read your daughter's reply I had to respond. My then-four-year-old son used to say "when I'm a teenager" when I asked him when he would poop I the potty (he did pee) and "because I like it" when I asked why he pooped in his underwear (every day when he got home from preschool.) I tried EVERYTHING, and eventually recognized that it was a power struggle. It all ended when he got his heart absolutely set on a pair of Buzz Lightyear light up sandals. He wanted them, and I bargained (one could say bribed...) that he had to poop 10 times in the potty. We made a chart. And it was over. I'm not suggesting that this approach would necessarily work for your daughter, and I recognize that it is something that has become chronic. I hope that you can find your way to a solution. I just wanted to let you know your are not alone.  Good luck to you.

  • Hi!

    Our 4 1/2 year old daughter has been potty trained since she was 2 1/2 but has never consistently initiated using the bathroom to pee. She will let us know if she has to poop and go in herself, but she can go literally all day without peeing (from the morning to bedtime) and often protests when we try to make her go. 

    Some context: since being potty trained she has basically never had an accident (maybe once or twice in two years) so waiting for her to have accidents and then learn to initiate has never worked. Almost every time we tell her it's time to go she protests, and often wants us to stay in the bathroom with her (even if she's only sitting). We have asked many times if it hurts to pee and she tells us "no", and shows no indication of pain while she's peeing. She pees every time she poops with no problem. She has gone from morning until bedtime without peeing (even when reminded/encouraged) and once went from bedtime the night before until mid-afternoon because everyone thought someone else had taken her in the morning. I have her go when I pick her up from school but it's a struggle and she isn't always able to pee at the time. If I'm not the one doing pickup, sometimes it happens and sometimes it doesn't. She has mentioned before that she is uncomfortable at school sometimes because she needs to pee, but this has never translated to going (either on her own or with encouragement).

    Often I literally need to pick her up and bring her to the bathroom and even start the process of pulling down her pants for her to get her to sit. Peeing once she sits down is only a recent problem (before she would just pee once we got her on the potty) and we have had moderate success with running water for that. We have tried visual cues, a star chart, waiting her out, more liquid during the day, doing it during transitions, and several other strategies that I can't currently remember. We also talked to an expert a while ago and her pediatrician (who thinks she does not have a physical problem). I KNOW that this has turned into a power struggle, but because she can go so long without peeing, I don't really know how to get out of it. 

    If anyone has either any suggestions or a recommendation of an expert we can talk to I would really appreciate it! 

    Thanks!

    I don't have any advice for you and I don't know if it helps at all -- or even if it is relevant -- but my son was very similar. Potty trained for pee around age 2 and NEVER had accidents and he could go AGES without peeing. I would be amazed that he would wake up and not need to pee until the afternoon. I was then 40 years old and let's just say that would have been absolute torture for me. I eventually assumed he had an iron bladder. He never had any bladder infections either.  Now that he is in his 20s, he does pee when he wakes up he can still go a really long time.  

    Our first kid was the same and we never encountered any problems. Preschool helped by making all the kids take a turn in the bathroom twice a day, then it dropped off in kindergarten because there was no organized bathroom time (because it was a single bathroom in the classroom), then picked up again in first grade because the whole class would stop off on the way to lunch. She now pees in the morning when it's tooth-brushing time, and again before bed, but both of those seem to be because of schedule, not need. I have no idea if she pees otherwise during the day because I'm just not worried about it. (She's 8 now.)

    I say just count your blessings. It's so amazing to never need to worry about an airplane bathroom flying cross-country. I am so jealous of her.

    Oh, one more note: the bathroom is super boring. Even if she's just peeing, my kid takes a book with her now. Maybe something like that would be encouraging?

    My son was the same way for a very long time, and we were very consistent about requiring that he go to the bathroom before transitions. I know you mentioned trying this but wanted to provide more detail. Without being forceful we basically told him once he went to the potty he could do the next activity he was interested in (watching a movie, going to a play date, driving to Target, etc.) Eventually that worked wonders and now he is great about going on his own, although it probably took about six months of consistency. 

    I suggest that you try using the "sticker chart" method. She gets a sticker for every time she pees. Once she fills up her chart she gets a prize. Start easy - her page needs 5-10 stickers for the prize, then start to have the page need 10-15, etc. With our daughters, this worked seamlessly for almost every behavior we were trying to encourage (or discourage!). My wife and I were hesitant to use "external motivational" strategies at first, but... Maybe we lucked out, but our kids always ended up internalizing the desired behavior and they became internally motivated to continue without needing the reward. This helped for using the toilet, washing hands after using the toilet (one kid HATED that "unnecessary, time-wasting activity!" haha), washing hands first thing after coming home, doing chores, etc. Good luck!

    ~Mailisha     

    My daughter was the same way, but it never bothered me, so it wasn’t an issue. The only time I would question her was when I knew we were leaving for a long drive. We made a deal that she would go then—but she was so good I started to forget to remind her. Is there a health problem here that I don’t know about? If there isn’t, then consider not making it a battle if she isn’t having accidents. 

    Is it possible she's not taking enough fluids in? If it were me, I would be to give her a LOT of liquids some weekend when you are home with her - maybe make lemonade together or something to get a lot of liquid in her to see if that helps?? Good luck!

  • Hello, I'm in search of a pediatric urologist with expertise in enuresis.  My 5 year old boy has been having daytime wetting accidents for nearly a year and we feel like we've exhausted the interventions of timed bathroom breaks and clearing out any bowel compaction.  We think there's a plumbing problem that can't be addressed behaviorally.  Can anyone recommend a pediatric urologist or other medical expert for daytime wetting?  Thank you!

    Dr. Baskin at UCSF. Top in the field & a genuinely nice person. 

  • potty training a 4 year old

    Jun 6, 2017

    I have twin girls that have just turned 4. One is making potty training progress (pees on the potty, does not yet poop), but the other is terrified of the potty and absolutely refuses to have anything to do with it. I have encouraged her to sit on the potty with her diaper on to get used to it, but she absolutely refuses to go anywhere near it. I would just let this go if I felt assured she'd come to it on her own in the next year, but I have a feeling that another year, or two, or more (!) could go by and she would continue to have a deep anxiety about it, and refuse to ever even approach it. Help! I am feeling totally hopeless on this issue. She is otherwise very bright, observant, and fairly cheerful girl, although very stubborn. How to I give her positive encouragement without further deepening her anxiety?

    This is a big challenge for all.  Pelvic health isn't something most of us learned about, and it is key to a sense of well-being and function. I would encourage you to lighten up about it, to lessen the anxiety load for her. Proceed with gentle confidence and let her know this will all work out fine, it's sometimes just takes more time.  See the award-winning ads for Squatty Potty with her and buy one (Costco is a good local source). Buy yourself the book "Below Your Belt, How to be Queen of your Pelvic Region," by Lavender and Ihm -- a pelvic health handbook for girls, published by the Women's Health Foundation. This will be a good resource for her as well, when she is older.  For her age they make a book called "Riding the Potty Train: Better Bathroom Behaviors for Little Girls on the Go!"

    I'm going to tell you what someone told me when my younger daughter was resisting potty training: No kids go off to college in diapers. I was convinced mine would be the first, but her anxiety lifted - quite abruptly - and when she decided to potty train (she was about 4 as well), she just -- was already potty trained. Boom, one day, no diapers. Kids are weird! 

    I had a friend with twin girls with the same predicament. One potty trained completelyby 4 and the other stil in pull ups with zero interest and even alot of upset and resistance built up. 

    Eventually my friend ( who ironically is a psychologist) just asked the kid what it would take for the kid to go potty. The kid said "Disneyland". And they struck a deal that they would all go to Disneyland once she was out of pull ups and using the potty consistently for a month. And it worked!

    That said, mom ruled out medical conditions, sensory processing problems and the like begore moving to incentivizing. She speculated the kid was a wee bit anxious but got over it quickly once the incentive was in place. Provided Disneyland reminders strategically around the house as reminders and it worked!

    good luck!

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4 year old potty training woes

June 2007

Not his woe, mine! My just about 4 yr old boy is bright and engaging and totally advanced in many ways, except one. He is fighting potty training like you wouldn't believe. Not just pooping, peeing too. Most of the advice in the archives relates to 4 and 5 year olds who still won't go poo but use the toilet to pee.

Sometimes I can coax him to sit on the potty and he'll sit there for awhile and do nothing. Then I put a diaper on him and he goes pee right away. I let him wear underwear and he pees in them (yes, we take him to sit on the potty regularly when he wears underwear). He wakes up with a dry diaper every night, but refuses to sit on the potty in the morning.

We talk about it regularly and we offer him plenty of opportunities to use the toilet. I am really trying to let him direct the potty training, but I'm really feeling despair around this issue. I feel like I'm failing him some way. People keep saying he'll get it when he's ready, but I'm not convinced.

I'd love some responses from parents of later potty trainers about what worked for them finally and I'd love some reassurance that it will happen soon (hopefully) from somebody who's been there. Or at least before kindergarten! Anon


Hi there, This is what happened with my son. We took him to preschool when he was 4 years old (part time). He was in pull-ups. The other kids there weren't. One day when I was picking him up, I asked the kids he was playing with if they wore big kids undies, and they all replied yes. I didn't say anything to the kids ''like, oh your parents must be proud'' or say anything to my son. I didn't want my son to think I thought any less of him. The very next day, he refused to wear his pull-ups. But I told him he had to wear them until he knew how to use the bathroom. He promised he could do it - and he did. From that day on, he was potty trained. Call it luck - but it worked for me! Good luck. Diana


Oh I so relate to this issue! My older son, who is now almost 8, was absolutely the most stubborn potty trainer. We decided he was ready to train when he was about three (note the language: WE decided) and proceeded to try every entincement known to man to also convince him that he was ready. I'm talking wheedling, begging, bribing, the works. Things finally degenerated to the point that, around his fourth birthday, we made him go to school in his unders, he held himself for THE ENTIRE DAY, and then wet his pants spectacularly on the walk home. Disaster, and totally heart-breaking. The problem was that we were convinced that potty training was somehow the achievement of the parents! And of course this is not the case. Learning to use the toilet is, in a way, the first important thing thing your child is DECIDING to do. My advice is to let them decide. Do what we did: sit your child down, tell them that you love them and trust them and that you know they'll start using the toilet when they're ready. Tell your child that you're not going to bother them about it anymore, and then stick to your words. Our experience was clear: five days after the aforementioned conversation, my son decided to start using the toilet, and he never looked back. Neither did we -- we all learned from it. Just take a deep breath! You'll all be fine. Alexis


Some advice from my sitter...Just drop the topic. If you KNOW that he is completely ready, then give it a month or two of ignoring the subject and then have a visit from the diaper fairy (very similar to Santa Claus, but the diaper fairy arrived with underpants and takes away all but the nighttime diapers). My sister has four children -- she was so excited recently when her third child was potty-trained at 3 1/2. That was the youngest by a year for her. The 3 1/2 year old had been trying really hard since she was two. She just couldn't 'get it.' Her kids are smart, fantastic kids. I just think that genetically (what do I know, though) that they didn't have the muscles to do it. jan


I don't know if this will work for you since your little one doesn't tell you when he's about to poop but here's what I would do. I'd cut out the underwear altogether. I've heard you're not supposed to use them until potty training is very well established. When I stopped putting underwear on my son he didn't pee in his clothes anymore and he asked for a diaper for pooping. I think maybe underwear feel a bit like a diaper to them and they think they can let go while wearing them. The next step for us that worked (a year after he pee pee trained), was weaning him off the diapers for pooping. We got him a toy we knew would be highly coveted (a Buzz Lightyear in his case) and let him play with it only while sitting on the potty (with his diaper) then if he pooped he would get to play awhile longer. After that it was just a matter of getting him used to pooping with one side of the diaper undone, then both, then just setting the diaper in the potty, then laying some toilet paper across the seat. Thanks to Buzz, we are diaper free Yay! Unfortunately he still refuses to wear underwear... win some, lose some


5 year old still resisting potty training

Oct 2006

Has anyone else had an experience with a 5-year-old boy who is partially potty-trained, but still resists using a regular toilet (insists on using only the ''little potty'') and insists on going #2 in his pants? This is an otherwise very bright, sensitive, and creative little boy who is well-liked at preschool. He must go to Kindergarten in July, so time is running out. We took away the pull-ups a month ago. He has generally resisted wearing underwear, but wore it this weekend in exchange for getting a ''big kid'' bed. We have tried all kinds of incentives (candy, toys, outings, etc.) and he still doesn't budge. His close friends are girls, so he doesn't have other little boys to serve as role models. He seems to want to remain a ''baby'' in some other ways too. I would be interested to know how others may have resolved these stubborn cases, and how they managed to keep their own sanity in the mean time. Thanks for any advice or insights you may have. Beth


For some children, pooping on the potty is, for unknown reasons, terrifying. Often times incentives don't work because it is too hard for a child to go from whatever he is comfortable with to using the potty independently. I have worked with a number of kids with this issue, and have found that by breaking down the act into baby steps, it becomes much easier. The baby steps can vary from child to child, but the basic principles remains the same - make it small enough so that the child is successful, reward the success with something small, and refrain from moving to a new step until the current one is second nature (usually a good 2 weeks of consistent success). I suggest the following steps: 1) Have him go into the bathroom while he is pooping. 2) Have him touch the toilet while he is pooping. 3) Have him sit on the toilet (lid down is easier than lid up) in pull-ups or his clothes (whichever works for you). 4) If you did lid down, then move to lid up. 5) If using pull-ups, you can either cut a hole out of the bottom or better yet, pull them off his bottom while leaving them along the front of his thighs. You can also take off the pull-ups and cut a piece that he can have next to his skin - for some kids, the feel is a significant comfort. If wearing clothes, you can pull them just over his bottom, leaving them as high across the front as possible. 6) By now, he should be comfortable with the idea, and may be able to do this with no adaptations.

Remember to give two weeks with each step and reward success. If your child cannot begin to master a step within about one week, then back it up and find an intermediate step. For some kids, a fair amount of creativity is needed (e.g., I knew a kid who needed to be standing, so we had him squat in front of the toilet to help him get used to a crouched position before step 3). I have never known a child who is ready to be toilet trained who has been unsuccessful using this method - the steps just need to be broken down more than one can initially imagine. It takes a while, but be patient. Good luck. Lindy


Yes, we experienced a version of the problem you are having with your son. Like you, our otherwise very bright, creative, sensitive son resisted bowl movements in the toilet. He is 6 now, and for about the past six months things have been better. BUT, this was a long journey, and one that a simple post-reply just can't do justice to. So, if you'd like to talk more, or trade LONG emails (it's just a long story, no way around it), please email me and I can send you my phone number. Can't promise I kept my sanity the whole time, but I can say I've been there, and I would be happy to provide some support and ideas to someone who is there now. I know one of the hardest things for me was that I felt like we were the only family around having this problem. Anyway, let me know if you'd like to email/talk. Monica


I wrote a few months ago about my 5 year old (see 6-year-old will only poop in a pull-up , Post by Linda) I thought I would let you know that it has worked and he is now pretty much potty- trained. Only a slight accident every now and them. If you would like to use our commodes, let me know and I am happy to give/lend them to you. Feel free to contact me if you want to talk about it. I know I felt like I was the only one whose kid wouldn't toilet train. Linda


Potty training tips for a dev. delayed 4 yr old

Nov 2005

Could anyone give me some advise as to how i can potty train my 4 year old. He is developmentally delayed in all areas and is at a 2 1/2 to 3 yr old level.(cognitive) This has been a challange for me because sometimes i feel he's almost got it then he stops letting us know he needs to go and poops in his pullups, and hides when doing it. He can walk around with the poop in his underpants and it doesnt even bother him... I have a 5 month old and the diaper changing on both boys is getting to me. Please help! Anon


Our 6 yr. old dev. delayed boy is still in pull-ups at night. However, for the pooping our dev. pediatrician suggested bringing him into the bathroom everytime he seemed to need to poop, or right after if you don't catch it, and saying ''this is where we poop, in the bathroom'' or something to that effect. It took a lot of diligence, and we did this for quite awhile (continuing to use diapers) until he was finally going on the big toilet with help (I just skipped the little potty, it was too much trouble). At school we sent him in underwear and his special ed. teacher was willing to work on the toileting. My son would wait to poop when he got home anyhow. Good luck. Anon.


If your child is a really visual learner, you might want to try a potty video. These have kids songs (about washing up, etc.). They just show kids entering the bathroom, but it was enough for my son to get the idea. Good luck. anonymous


4-year-old NEVER says when he has to go

Sept 2004

Our son will be 4 next month. We've been steadily, patiently, and calmly working with him to use the potty since January. He's fine with using the toilet at home or anywhere else but he will NEVER say when he has to go. So if we forget to take him or ask, he just goes. It's only AFTER he goes that he'll say ''I have to go to the potty'' or ''I'm wet''. I don't scold him other than saying something like ''some day you'll tell me BEFORE you go so you can go in the toilet.'' I've read the archives, books, talked to other parents, his doctor, teachers, tried rewards (stickers),special undies, going cold turkey on diapers/pullups, only to get mess after mess. Obviously I know he will master this eventually, but would love any reassurance and suggestions. Thanks.
Wet and in Distress


My own son trained at not quite 3 1/2 when one evening he announced, out of the blue, that he wanted to bake a cake, and I told him we only had time for that if we did not spend the evening going to Target for diapers, as I had intended, and that if we didn't buy diapers, he was going to have to wear underpants to preschool the next day. Really! He had to think about it hard, but he made his choice, he got his cake, and he never wore a diaper again (except at night). Before that evening, our every attempt to encourage him had failed. We had a baby on the way and so we simply stopped talking about it, not wanting to add to his stress level nor enter into a power struggle that we would lose, and I was beginning to think he'd go to kindergarten in diapers -- but it really does happen that easily...eventually. You might just go back to diapers and give the whole thing a rest for a while. He'll let you know when he's ready to try again.

Alternatively, if your son WANTS to wear big boy pants but never makes it to the potty, I think the only thing you can do is take him every half hour or so. Set a timer to remind both of you. Or, maybe your son needs to be given explicit permission to go to the toilet himself, without telling or asking anyone first? At nearly 4, he probably doesn't actually NEED any help with the mechanics of the process, and perhaps there's some reason he's shy about announcing when he has to go? Best of luck! Holly


I wasn't successfully potty trained until I was 4 years old! of course I had all the tools I needed - could walk, communicate, knew when I had to go - long before that but it turned out I needed motivation (I was stubborn and not into pleasing anyone but myself). my parents said I couldn't go to preschool until I was out of diapers - it took 2 days. maybe you can find the magic motivation that your son will respond to.


4 yr. old potty-trained everywhere but at home

April 2003

We're out of ideas on how to handle a potty-training impasse, and are hoping someone out there has some new ones...

Our 4 year 2 month old boy uses the potty pretty much all the time everywhere but home. Preschool, out at friends, at grammie and grandads for the weekend, running errands with mom, hanging out with dad at work...no problems. But home from preschool and home during the weekend, and we can be changing him 2 or 3 times a day - wet and poopy. Sometimes he'll use the potty if he's in underwear or bare-bottomed, but more than half the time not, regardless of what he's wearing

I've tried everything from stoic silence, nonchalant chattiness, outright bribery , gentle pleading (and not so gentle pleading) reminding him to ''listen to his body'', asking him at possibly productive moments if he has to go, potty chart stickers and peepee targets, and nothing seems to work. I've really resisted the ''you're a big boy'' because I want to stay away from any hint of shame, but I am getting awfully sick and tired of cleaning up his darling lil poopy four year old butt!

Now we're at a point where if I see he's about to poop, I'll ask him urgently to use the potty, and he shakes his head at me and urges me to ''just go away'' and ''don't talk to me now''. When I'm changing him, he's chatty and relaxed, will sometimes want to see his poops. In fact, he once was laying back, hands clasped behind his head and commented that he ''finds it so relaxing'' to be changed!! It's gotten to the point where he's in pullups all weekend now, and not just at night anymore because I'm so tired of washing stuff. That's fine with him - he says no more diapers, but pullups are fine with him.

At our recent 4 year-old ped appt., the dr. talked with him a litle and I was hoping that might help, but there's been no change.

We had a baby in August, but this has been an ongoing, though I think worsening, problem, so I'm not sure what impact that has had.

Any advice would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!! anon


I have no idea whether this would work but is it possible that having him clean up his mess (without humiliating or shaming him) might help? For example, what if he had to clean himself or take a bath each and every time he pooped anywhere but the potty? It would be an awful weekend or evening for you but maybe he's got it too easy. good luck
anon